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23.2 |
ASEPSIS, ANTISEPSIS, STERILISATION, DESINFECTION – definition, types, key points. THE OPERATING ROOM : Operating room attire, Personnel, Scrubbing, gowning,Gloving, The sterile operative field. Preparation of the operative site. |
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2.3. |
OUTPATIENT VISIT ASSESSMENT OF FITNESS FOR OPERATION. ASA preoperative physical status classification I.-V. PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT AND PREPARATION . PREOPERATIVE CARE. Diagnostic workup, preoperative orders, skin preparation, diet, enema, nasogastric tube, blader catheter, hemodynamic monitoring, preoperative hydratation. GENERAL , REGIONAL ANAESTHESIA - definition, key points- types, complications. |
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9.3. |
TYPE OF SURGERY OPERATIONS (minor x major, acute x elective) Definition, types, key points. LAPAROTOMY, LAOPAROSCOPY – definition, types, key points. THORACOTOMY, THORACOSCOPY – definition, types, key points. |
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16.3. |
BASIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES ARREST OF HAEMORRHAGE – coagulation, ligature. KNOTS different types of knots (granny , reef, triple knot, surgery knot.) INCISIO, CONTRAINCISIO, DISCISIO, AMPUTATIO – definition, types of amputation, complications. TRANSMETATARSAL, CHOPART S AMPUTATION BELOW-KNEE & ABOVE-KNEE AMPUTATION, HIP DISARTICULATION |
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23.3. |
POSTOPERATIVE CARE Monitoring vital signs, central venous pressure, other types of monitoring, position in bed and mobilisation, renal and blader function, drainage tubes, medications, postoperative respiratory care, postoperative care of gastrointestinal tract, postoperative pain |
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30.3 |
POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS (without infections) DYSPEPSIA, VOMITING, DIARRHOEA – definition, key points DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS, PULMONARY EMBOLISM ASPIRATION, POSTOPERATIVE PNEUMONIA - definition, prophylaxis, therapy. Post operation cardiovascular complications. |
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6.4.. |
POSTOPERATIVE INFECTION Wound, Intra-abdominal, Respiratory, Urinary. AEROBIC INFECTION Abscess, phlegmona, furuncle, carbuncle, hydradenitis - definition, therapy. ANAEROBIC INFECTION TETANUS – diagnosis, symptoms, surgical prophylaxis and therapy. CLOSTRIDIAL INFECTIONS OTHER THEN TETANUS Simple contamination, crepital clostridial cellulites, localized clostridial myositis, diffuse clostridial myositis (gas gangrene) – prevention, treatment, prognosis. NECROTIZING FASCITIS – clinical findings, treatment, prognosis. |
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13.4. |
WOUNDS HEALING Primary and secondary healing, cellular components of wounds. Clean, contaminated, infected wounds – general management. METHODS OF WOUND CLOSURE - Interrupted Sutures ordinary and eversion, Continous overhand suture. Suture material, needles. PRINCIPLES OF WOUND CARE SURGICAL INFECTION – inflammatory response, phlegmona and abscess. Spred of infection via the lymphatic system or via bloddstream. Therapy – incision, drainage, antibiotics. WOUND COMPLICATIONS – wound dehiscence, infection, hematoma, seroma. |
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20.4. |
FIRST AID , TRANSPORT, AIRWAY AND CERVICAL SPINE CONTROL MAJOR TRAUMA (POLYTRAUMA), MILTIPLE - definition, primary survey management ABCDE. TRACHEOSTOMY definition, indication , CRYCOTHYROIDOTOMY definition |
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27.4. |
THE ACUTE ABDOMEN - assessment. Abdominal pain and other symptoms (vomiting, constipation, diarrhea) Physical examination – general observation and local findings. ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION – inspection, auskultation , percussion, palpation, rectal examination. DIAGNOSIS – laboratory investigations, radiological investigations, endoscopy. Differential diagnosis and indications for laparotomy. |
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4.5. |
FRACTURES definition, types , general and local complication HAED INJURY intracerebral, subdural, epidural (extradural) , Coup Contrecoup , Mechanism. ABDOMINAL TRAUMA blunt and penetrating. Investigation, diagnosis, therapy. INJURIES OF THORAX – pneumotorax, haemothorax- first aid. |
Assistant professor Burget |
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11.5. |
THE ACUTE ABDOMEN – secondary to inflammmatory leasion of the gastrointestinal systém Stomach – gastric ulcer, duodena ulcer Biliary tract – acute cholecystitis, acute cholangoitis Pankreas – acute pankreatitis Small intestine – Crohn disease, diverticulum Meckeli Large intestine – acute apendicitis, acute diverticulitis ACUTE APPENDICITIS symptoms & signs,laboratory signs, imaging studies, position of the appendix, complications peroforation, peritonitis, absces,pylephlebitis, treatement. |
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18.5. |
THE ACUTE ABDOMEN – secondary to obstructing lesions of the gastrointestinal truct. ILEUS – definition, types, etiology, laboratory findings, imaging studies Mechanical obstruction (simple obstruction, strangulation obstruction, intussusception, volvulus) x Paralytic ileus (postoperative) OBSTRUCTION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE OBSTRUCTION OF THE LARGE INTESTINE Intestinal stomas – ileostomy & colostomy
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25.5. |
THE ACUTE ABDOMEN - SURGICAL BLEEDING Upper gastroitenstinal hemorrhage – symptoms (haematemesis, melena), etiology, initial management, treatment. Lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage – symptoms, etiology, treatment. BLEEDING ASSOCIATED WITH THE SURGICAL PROCEDURES - bleeding in the postoperative period BLOOD REPLACEMENT transfusion of red cels concentrate , plasma intraoperative autotransfusion, blood transfusion, compatibility testing , blood administration. |
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1.6. |
ANTIBIOTICS IN SURGERY ( prophylactic and therapeutic, monotherapy and combinations) FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE THERAPY FOR THE SURGICAL PATIENT, normal dialy balance, preoperative therapy, postoperative therapy, nutrition, techniques of nutrition - parenteral and enteral. BURNS definition, 9 Wallace rule, initial management, treatment, complication (general and local ). |
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